Criteria Specification (CSpec) Registry is intended to provide access to the Criteria Specifications used and applied by ClinGen Variant Curation Expert Panels and biocurators in the classification of variants.
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Criteria & Strength Specifications
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PVS1 | ||||
Original ACMG Summary
Null variant (nonsense, frameshift, canonical +/−1 or 2 splice sites, initiation codon, single or multi-exon deletion) in a gene where loss of function (LOF) is a known mechanism of disease.
Caveats: • Beware of genes where LOF is not a known disease mechanism (e.g. GFAP, MYH7). • Use caution interpreting LOF variants at the extreme 3’ end of a gene. • Use caution with splice variants that are predicted to lead to exon skipping but leave the remainder of the protein intact. • Use caution in the presence of multiple transcripts. Stand Alone
Very Strong
Strong
Moderate
Supporting
Not Applicable
Comments:
VWD type 2N is caused by qualitative protein defects and not null variants.
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PS1 | ||||
Original ACMG Summary
Same amino acid change as a previously established pathogenic variant regardless of nucleotide change.
Example: Val->Leu caused by either G>C or G>T in the same codon. Caveat: Beware of changes that impact splicing rather than at the amino acid/protein level. Stand Alone
Very Strong
Strong
Use with no specification except comparison variant must be classified as pathogenic using rules from the VWD VCEP.
Modification Type:
Gene-specific
Moderate
Use with no specification except comparison variant must be classified as likely pathogenic using rules from the VWD VCEP.
Modification Type:
Gene-specific
Supporting
Not Applicable
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PS2 | ||||
Original ACMG Summary
De novo (both maternity and paternity confirmed) in a patient with the disease and no family history.
Note: Confirmation of paternity only is insufficient. Egg donation, surrogate motherhood, errors in embryo transfer, etc. can contribute to non-maternity. Stand Alone
Very Strong
Use proposed SVI point recommendations for “Phenotype consistent with gene but not highly specific” if the proband meets PP4 criteria. Use “Phenotype highly specific for gene” phenotype consistency if the proband meets PP4_Moderate criteria. See Table 1 attached. Required 4 points.
Modification Type:
Disease-specific
Strong
Use proposed SVI point recommendations for “Phenotype consistent with gene but not highly specific” if the proband meets PP4 criteria. Use “Phenotype highly specific for gene” phenotype consistency if the proband meets PP4_Moderate criteria. See Table 1 attached. Required 2 points.
Modification Type:
Disease-specific
Moderate
Use proposed SVI point recommendations for “Phenotype consistent with gene but not highly specific” if the proband meets PP4 criteria. Use “Phenotype highly specific for gene” phenotype consistency if the proband meets PP4_Moderate criteria. See Table 1 attached. Required 1 point.
Modification Type:
Disease-specific
Supporting
Use proposed SVI point recommendations for “Phenotype consistent with gene but not highly specific” if the proband meets PP4 criteria. If the proband meets PP4_Moderate criteria, use a moderate or higher evidence weight (see above). See Table 1 attached. Required 0.5 point.
Modification Type:
Disease-specific
Instructions:
Please note that presence of a second VWF variant is required to use this rule code. Not Applicable
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PS3 | ||||
Original ACMG Summary
Well-established in vitro or in vivo functional studies supportive of a damaging effect on the gene or gene product.
Note: Functional studies that have been validated and shown to be reproducible and robust in a clinical diagnostic laboratory setting are considered the most well-established. Stand Alone
Very Strong
Strong
Either (1) in a transgenic animal model, must demonstrate minimal to no function. (2) a Factor VIII binding assay using recombinant vWF resulting in decreased binding compared to WT. See attached spreadsheet for examples of approved assay instances to use for this rule code. There are no universal thresholds for these assays; however, the relevant results should be described as clinically significant if assays were performed in a clinical laboratory or statistically significant if pertaining to research findings.
Modification Type:
Disease-specific
Moderate
Supporting
Not Applicable
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PS4 | ||||
Original ACMG Summary
The prevalence of the variant in affected individuals is significantly increased compared to the prevalence in controls.
Note 1: Relative risk (RR) or odds ratio (OR), as obtained from case-control studies, is >5.0 and the confidence interval around the estimate of RR or OR does not include 1.0. See manuscript for detailed guidance. Note 2: In instances of very rare variants where case-control studies may not reach statistical significance, the prior observation of the variant in multiple unrelated patients with the same phenotype, and its absence in controls, may be used as moderate level of evidence. Stand Alone
Very Strong
Strong
Moderate
Supporting
Instructions:
Do not apply this code for variants that meet BS1 or BA1 criteria. Do not count proband used for PP4 in this code's proband count. Not Applicable
Comments:
Use PM3 for proband counting.
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PM1 | ||||
Original ACMG Summary
Located in a mutational hot spot and/or critical and well-established functional domain (e.g. active site of an enzyme) without benign variation.
Stand Alone
Very Strong
Strong
Moderate
Supporting
Not Applicable
Comments:
Rule does not apply due to benign variation being present throughout the gene.
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PM2 | ||||
Original ACMG Summary
Absent from controls (or at extremely low frequency if recessive) in Exome Sequencing Project, 1000 Genomes or Exome Aggregation Consortium.
Caveat: Population data for indels may be poorly called by next generation sequencing. Stand Alone
Very Strong
Strong
Moderate
Supporting
Use code for variants with a popmax MAF of <0.005 in gnomAD.
Modification Type:
Disease-specific,Gene-specific
Not Applicable
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PM3 | ||||
Original ACMG Summary
For recessive disorders, detected in trans with a pathogenic variant
Note: This requires testing of parents (or offspring) to determine phase. Stand Alone
Very Strong
Use SVI recommended point system for this code for probands with a VWD type 2N diagnosis. Total of 4 points required.
Modification Type:
Disease-specific
Strong
Use SVI recommended point system for this code for probands with a VWD type 2N diagnosis. Total of 2 points required.
Modification Type:
Disease-specific
Moderate
Use SVI recommended point system for this code for probands with a VWD type 2N diagnosis. Total of 1 point required.
Modification Type:
Disease-specific
Supporting
Use SVI recommended point system for this code for probands with a VWD type 2N diagnosis. Total of 0.5 points required.
Modification Type:
Disease-specific
Instructions:
May be applied when the variants on both alleles have MAFs below the BS1 threshold. Not Applicable
Comments:
These are dominant conditions, so this rule code does not apply.
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PM4 | ||||
Original ACMG Summary
Protein length changes due to in-frame deletions/insertions in a non-repeat region or stop-loss variants.
Stand Alone
Very Strong
Strong
Moderate
Use with no specification.
Modification Type:
None
Supporting
Not Applicable
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PM5 | ||||
Original ACMG Summary
Novel missense change at an amino acid residue where a different missense change determined to be pathogenic has been seen before.
Example: Arg156His is pathogenic; now you observe Arg156Cys. Caveat: Beware of changes that impact splicing rather than at the amino acid/protein level. Stand Alone
Very Strong
Strong
Moderate
Use code when previously reported variant reaches a pathogenic classification using the VWD Type 2 rule specifications. Previously reported variant can be associated with a different type of VWD. Code may also be applied when two previously reported variants reach a likely pathogenic classification using the VWD Type 2 rule specifications. Previously reported variants can be associated with a different type of VWD.
Modification Type:
Disease-specific,General recommendation
Supporting
Use code when previously reported variant reaches a likely pathogenic classification using the VWD Type 2 rule specifications. Previously reported variant can be associated with a different type of VWD.
Modification Type:
Disease-specific,General recommendation
Not Applicable
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PM6 | ||||
Original ACMG Summary
Assumed de novo, but without confirmation of paternity and maternity.
Stand Alone
Very Strong
Strong
Moderate
Supporting
Not Applicable
Comments:
Use the PS2 code in lieu of using this code for de novo variants.
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PP1 | ||||
Original ACMG Summary
Co-segregation with disease in multiple affected family members in a gene definitively known to cause the disease.
Note: May be used as stronger evidence with increasing segregation data. Stand Alone
Very Strong
Strong
Appropriate to use when a proband has three affected family members.
Modification Type:
Disease-specific
Moderate
Appropriate to use when a proband has two affected family members.
Modification Type:
Disease-specific
Supporting
Appropriate to use when a proband has one affected family member.
Modification Type:
Disease-specific
Not Applicable
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PP2 | ||||
Original ACMG Summary
Missense variant in a gene that has a low rate of benign missense variation and where missense variants are a common mechanism of disease.
Stand Alone
Very Strong
Strong
Moderate
Supporting
Not Applicable
Comments:
Not applicable due to presence of benign variation throughout the VWF gene.
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PP3 | ||||
Original ACMG Summary
Multiple lines of computational evidence support a deleterious effect on the gene or gene product (conservation, evolutionary, splicing impact, etc.).
Caveat: As many in silico algorithms use the same or very similar input for their predictions, each algorithm should not be counted as an independent criterion. PP3 can be used only once in any evaluation of a variant. Stand Alone
Very Strong
Strong
Moderate
Supporting
Appropriate to use for missense variants that have a REVEL score of greater or equal to 0.644 OR a SpliceAI score suggestive of a splicing defect (greater or equal to 0.5).
Modification Type:
Gene-specific
Not Applicable
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PP4 | ||||
Original ACMG Summary
Patient’s phenotype or family history is highly specific for a disease with a single genetic etiology.
Stand Alone
Very Strong
Strong
Moderate
The patient must have a clinical phenotype of excessive mucocutaneous bleeding and required laboratory values to use the PP4 rule code, including a low factor VIII activity level and evidence of decreased VWF:FVIII binding. Additional consistent information should be noted but is not required, including either normal or low VWF:Ag, normal high molecular weight multimers, and sequencing with duplication/deletion analysis of the F8 gene.
Modification Type:
Disease-specific
Supporting
Not Applicable
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PP5 | ||||
Original ACMG Summary
Reputable source recently reports variant as pathogenic, but the evidence is not available to the laboratory to perform an independent evaluation.
Not Applicable
This criterion is not for use as recommended by the ClinGen Sequence Variant Interpretation VCEP Review Committee.
PubMed : 29543229
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BA1 | ||||
Original ACMG Summary
Allele frequency is above 5% in Exome Sequencing Project, 1000 Genomes or Exome Aggregation Consortium.
Stand Alone
Appropriate to use for variants with a Popmax MAF of >0.1 in gnomAD.
Modification Type:
Disease-specific,Gene-specific
Very Strong
Strong
Moderate
Supporting
Not Applicable
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BS1 | ||||
Original ACMG Summary
Allele frequency is greater than expected for disorder.
Stand Alone
Very Strong
Strong
Appropriate to use for variants with a Popmax MAF of >0.01 in gnomAD.
Modification Type:
Disease-specific,Gene-specific
Moderate
Supporting
Not Applicable
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BS2 | ||||
Original ACMG Summary
Observed in a healthy adult individual for a recessive (homozygous), dominant (heterozygous), or X-linked (hemizygous) disorder, with full penetrance expected at an early age.
Stand Alone
Very Strong
Strong
Moderate
Supporting
Not Applicable
Comments:
Not applicable due to the incomplete penetrance seen in VWD.
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BS3 | ||||
Original ACMG Summary
Well-established in vitro or in vivo functional studies show no damaging effect on protein function or splicing.
Stand Alone
Very Strong
Strong
Moderate
Supporting
Not Applicable
Comments:
There are no available assays that can clearly and dependably show no damaging protein effects.
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BS4 | ||||
Original ACMG Summary
Lack of segregation in affected members of a family.
Caveat: The presence of phenocopies for common phenotypes (i.e. cancer, epilepsy) can mimic lack of segregation among affected individuals. Also, families may have more than one pathogenic variant contributing to an autosomal dominant disorder, further confounding an apparent lack of segregation. Stand Alone
Very Strong
Strong
Appropriate to use when two or more relatives have the phenotype consistent with VWD type 2 without harboring the variant identified in other affected family members. Additionally, there is not another established cause of type 2 VWD (e.g. - there are not multiple type 2 VWD diagnoses) segregating in the family.
Modification Type:
Disease-specific
Moderate
Supporting
Appropriate to use when only one relative has the phenotype consistent with VWD type 2 without harboring the variant identified in other affected family members. Additionally, there is not another established cause of type 2 VWD (e.g. - there are not multiple type 2 VWD diagnoses) segregating in the family.
Modification Type:
Disease-specific
Not Applicable
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BP1 | ||||
Original ACMG Summary
Missense variant in a gene for which primarily truncating variants are known to cause disease.
Stand Alone
Very Strong
Strong
Moderate
Supporting
Not Applicable
Comments:
The VWF gene is not constrained for missense variation (gnomAD).
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BP2 | ||||
Original ACMG Summary
Observed in trans with a pathogenic variant for a fully penetrant dominant gene/disorder or observed in cis with a pathogenic variant in any inheritance pattern.
Stand Alone
Very Strong
Strong
Moderate
Supporting
Not Applicable
Comments:
Do not use due to potential of variant being associated with VWD 2N (recessive disease).
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BP3 | ||||
Original ACMG Summary
In frame-deletions/insertions in a repetitive region without a known function.
Stand Alone
Very Strong
Strong
Moderate
Supporting
Not Applicable
Comments:
There are no known repetitive regions in the VWF gene without a known function.
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BP4 | ||||
Original ACMG Summary
Multiple lines of computational evidence suggest no impact on gene or gene product (conservation, evolutionary, splicing impact, etc)
Caveat: As many in silico algorithms use the same or very similar input for their predictions, each algorithm cannot be counted as an independent criterion. BP4 can be used only once in any evaluation of a variant. Stand Alone
Very Strong
Strong
Moderate
Supporting
Use for missense variants that have a REVEL score of less than or equal to 0.290 AND SpliceAI cutoff of <0.1. Use SpliceAI cutoff of <0.1 for other variant types.
Modification Type:
Gene-specific
Not Applicable
Comments:
Not using at this time but will note CADD and SpliceAI scores and consider use during pilot testing.
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BP5 | ||||
Original ACMG Summary
Variant found in a case with an alternate molecular basis for disease.
Stand Alone
Very Strong
Strong
Moderate
Supporting
A second variant in VWF may be considered an alternate molecular basis for disease when that variant is LP/P (as evaluated by the VWD VCEP) and fully explains the phenotype of the patient's reported VWD subtype.
Modification Type:
None
Not Applicable
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BP6 | ||||
Original ACMG Summary
Reputable source recently reports variant as benign, but the evidence is not available to the laboratory to perform an independent evaluation.
Not Applicable
This criterion is not for use as recommended by the ClinGen Sequence Variant Interpretation VCEP Review Committee.
PubMed : 29543229
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BP7 | ||||
Original ACMG Summary
A synonymous variant for which splicing prediction algorithms predict no impact to the splice consensus sequence nor the creation of a new splice site AND the nucleotide is not highly conserved.
Stand Alone
Very Strong
Strong
Moderate
Supporting
Use SpliceAI for splicing predictor with a cutoff score of 0.
Modification Type:
Disease-specific
Not Applicable
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